The scientific novel is a new genre of literature. It is like a historical novel in which fictional characters are put in an historical setting, but in this case fictional characters are put in a scientific setting, and many of the 'characters' may not be human.
A scientific novel tells a story about some aspect of the natural environment, including the human environment, set in a realistic setting at a realistic time in history up to the present.
A scientific novel differs from science fiction in that all the events and objects in it are based on current scientific knowledge, and do not require stretches of the imagination or extrapolations into the future. A scientific novel may be accompanied by a bibliography of references used in sourcing information for the novel.
The scientific novel may serve any of the following roles: